In each of these quantities, deciBel refers to different meanings. Decibel abbreviations and their MeaningĭB is calculated in various applications, from audio and radio frequency to power, voltage, and current in an electronic system. These are some of the advantages of using a logarithmic scale for decibel calculation in place of a linear scale. This is helpful in applications like telecommunications, where we calculate sound-to-noise ratio (SNR) to improve signal quality. The logarithmic scale used for dB calculation also helps in relative comparison between two values. A linear scale will not be able to quantify these perceptions accurately. Other than this, a logarithmic scale matches our perception of physical quantities like the intensity of light and sound, which is inherently logarithmic. A logarithmic scale can represent this easily in a small range and in a compact way. The range is so wide that representing this intensity on a linear scale is practically a tough task. It can range from the faintest to the loudest noise a human can hear. Quantities like sound intensity, electrical power, and signal strength can vary over an incredible range of values.įor example, the intensity of sound a human can hear. There are several advantages of the use of a logarithmic scale instead of a linear scale in applications where we calculate and represent intensity in decibels. Why logarithmic scale and not linear scale? For example, a 3dB increase in power represents a doubling of power, while a 10dB increase represents a tenfold increase. The logarithmic nature of deciBels causes a small change in dB to represent a significant change in the actual value. While comparing any two values, let’s say V1 and V2, the formula that is usually applied to calculate deciBels is given asįor example, if a system has a power output of 10mW, then it can be represented in decibels(dBm) with reference to 1mW asĭeciBels(dB) are logarithmic in nature. DeciBels Formulas for Comparison of Two Electrical Quantities: Where I is the current being measured, and Iref is the reference current with respect to which measurement is being taken (usually 1A). V is the voltage being measured, and Vref is the reference voltage for which the measurement is being taken (usually 1V). Where P is the power being measured, and Pref is the reference power with respect to which measurement is being taken (usually 1mW). Here are some formulas to calculate deciBels for a given quantity. The formula to calculate deciBels depends on what you are measuring. Bel is a unit named after Alexander Graham Bell. The term ‘deciBel’ is made up of two terms – ‘deci’ and ‘Bel,’ which means – ‘one-tenth of a Bel.’ The unit ‘Bel,’ however, is not commonly used now. Thus, a logarithmic scale helps compare quantities that may have a big ratio. The main advantage of using deciBels is that it uses the base ten logarithms, which are commonly used in mathematics. This unit is commonly used in the fields of signal processing, audio engineering, telecommunications, and electronics. The decibel (dB) uses a logarithmic scale to draw a comparison between two quantities like Power, Voltage, current, or intensity. Decibels are a unit of measurement used to express the relative intensity or power of a signal, especially regarding sound, electronic circuits, or telecommunication devices. This article describes the Decibels formula, its calculation, and its applications.
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